Pengaruh kepemimpinan transformatif terhadap perilaku loyalitas pegawai Direktorat Jenderal Perbendaharaan
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Mar 31, 2022
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Abstract
In terms of achievement, DJPb performance over the last few years in terms of public services has been good, but there is a downward trend in performance in 2020. This decline is often related to the condition of employee performance which also tends to decline, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic. This study aims to analyze the effect of transformational leadership and public service motivation to organizational citizenship behavior with job satisfaction as a mediating variable. The respondents of this study were 200 public sector employees at the regional office of the Directorate General of Treasury of DKI Jakarta Province and the Jakarta State Treasury Service Office I to VII, with the level of office are implementers/staff and functional officers. This research is quantitative with the method of collecting data through online questionnaires and processed and analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling. The results show that transformational leadership, public service motivation, and job satisfaction have a positive and significant influence on organizational citizenship behavior. In addition, it is also known that job satisfaction is able to become a mediating variable with partial criteria which further strengthens the relationship between research variables.
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Dwiyanto, E., Satrya, A., & Lestari, E. (2022). Pengaruh kepemimpinan transformatif terhadap perilaku loyalitas pegawai Direktorat Jenderal Perbendaharaan. Indonesian Treasury Review: Jurnal Perbendaharaan, Keuangan Negara Dan Kebijakan Publik, 7(1), 73-87. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.33105/itrev.v7i1.491
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References
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Bota, O. A. (2013). Job satisfaction of teachers. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 83, 634-638.
doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.06.120
Buil, I., Martínez, E., & Matute, J. (2019). Transformational leadership and employee performance: The role of identification, engagement and proactive personality. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 77, 64-75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2018.06.014
Chen, G., Ai, J., & You, Y. (2014). Managerial coaching behaviours and their relations to job satisfaction, life satisfaction and orientations to happiness. Journal of Human Resource and Sustainability Studies, 02(03), 147–156.
doi:10.4236/jhrss.2014.23014
Chin, T. (2015). Harmony and organizational citizenship behavior in Chinese organizations. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 26(8), 1110-1129. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2014.934882
Christensen, R. K., Paarlberg, L., & Perry, J. L. (2017). Public service motivation research: Lessons for practice. Public Administration Review, 77(4), 529–542. https://doi.org/10.1111/puar.12796
Cun, X. (2012). Public service motivation and job satisfaction, organizational citizenship behavior: An empirical study based on the sample of employees in Guangzhou public sectors. Chinese Management Studies, 6(2), 330-340. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/17506141211236758
Dappa, K., Bhatti, F., & Aljarah, A. (2019). A study on the effect of transformational leadership on job satisfaction: The role of gender, perceived organizational politics and perceived organizational commitment. Management Science Letters, 9 (2019), 823–834. http://dx.doi.org/10.5267/j.msl.2019.3.006
De Geus, C. J., Ingrams, A., Tummers, L., & Pandey, S. K. (2020). Organizational citizenship behavior in the public sector: A systematic literature review and future research agenda. Public Administration Review, 80(2), 259-270. https://doi.org/10.1111/puar.13141
Direktorat Jenderal Perbendaharaan. (2018). Laporan kinerja Direktorat Jenderal Perbendaharaan tahun 2017.
Direktorat Jenderal Perbendaharaan. (2019). Laporan kinerja Direktorat Jenderal Perbendaharaan tahun 2018.
Direktorat Jenderal Perbendaharaan. (2020). Laporan kinerja Direktorat Jenderal Perbendaharaan tahun 2019.
Direktorat Jenderal Perbendaharaan. (2021). Laporan kinerja Direktorat Jenderal Perbendaharaan tahun 2020.
Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error: Algebra and statistics. Journal of Marketing Research, 18, 382–388.
Hair, J. F., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2011). PLS-SEM: Indeed a silver bullet. Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 19(2), 139-152. http://dx.doi.org/10.2753/MTP1069-6679190202
Harper, E., Castrucci, B. C., Bharthapudi, K., & Sellers, K. (2015). Job satisfaction: a critical, understudied facet of workforce development in public health. Journal of Public Health Management and Practice, 21(Suppl 6), S46. doi:10.1097/phh.0000000000000296
Houston, D. J. (2011). Implications of occupational locus and focus for public service motivation: Attitudes toward work motives across nations. Public Administration Review, 71(5), 761-771. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6210.2011.02415.x
Humphrey, A. (2012). Transformational leadership and organizational citizenship behaviors: The role of organizational identification. The Psychologist-Manager Journal, 15(4), 247–268. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10887156.2012.731831
Indarti, S., Solimun, Fernandes, A. A. R., & Hakim, W. (2017). The effect of OCB in relationship between personality, organizational commitment and job satisfaction on performance. Journal of Management Development, 36(10), 1283–1293. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMD-11-2016-0250
Ingrams, A. (2018). Organizational citizenship behavior in the public and private sectors: A multilevel test of public service motivation and traditional antecedents. Review of Public Personnel Administration, 40(2), 222-244. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734371X18800372
Jaya, P. J. C., & Guntoro, M. (2020). Transformasi kepemimpinan adaptif di tengah pandemi Covid-19. Cendekia Jaya, 2(2), 1-7.
Jiang, W., Zhao, X., & Ni, J. (2017). The impact of transformational leadership on employee sustainable performance: The mediating role of organizational citizenship behavior. Sustainability, 9(9), 1567. https://doi.org/10.3390/su9091567
Khalili, A. (2017). Transformational leadership and organizational citizenship behavior. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 38(7), 1004–1015. https://doi.org/10.1108/LODJ-11-2016-0269
Kim, S., Vandenabeele, W., Wright, B. E., Andersen, L. B., Cerase, F. P., Christensen, R. K., Desmarais, C., Koumenta, M., Leisink, P., Liu, B., Palidauskaite, J., Pedersen, L.H., Perry, J.L., Ritz, A., Taylor, J., & De Vivo, P. (2013). Investigating the structure and meaning of public service motivation across populations: Developing an international instrument and addressing issues of measurement invariance. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 23(1), 79-102. doi:10.1093/jopart/mus027
Kreitner, R. & Kinicki, A. (2014). Organizational behavioral. Boston: McGraw-Hill.
Lee, U. H., Kim, H. K., & Kim, Y. H. (2013). Determinants of organizational citizenship behavior and its outcomes. Global Business & Management Research, 5(1).
Lian, L. K., & Tui, L. G. (2012). Leadership styles and organizational citizenship behavior: The mediating effect of subordinates’ competence and downward influence tactics. Journal of Applied Business and Economics, 13(2), 59-96.
López-Domínguez, M., Enache, M., Sallan, J.M., & Simo, P. (2013). Transformational leadership as an antecedent of change-oriented organizational citizenship behavior. Journal of Business Research, 66(10), 2147–2152. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2013.02.041
Mohammad, J., Quoquab, F., & Alias, M.A. (2011). Job satisfaction and organisational citizenship behaviour: An empirical study at higher learning institutions. Asian Academy of Management Journal, 16 (2).
Nasra, M.A., & Heilbrunn, S. (2015). Transformational leadership and organizational citizenship behavior in the Arab educational system in Israel: The impact of trust and job satisfaction. Educational Management Administration & Leadership, 44(3), 380–396. doi: 10.1177/1741143214549975
Nohe, C., & Hertel, G. (2017). Transformational leadership and organizational citizenship behavior: A meta-analytic test of underlying mechanisms. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 1364.
doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01364
Omar, W. A., & Hussin, F. (2013). Transformational leadership style and job satisfaction relationship: A study of structural equation modeling (SEM). International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences (IJARBSS), 3(2), 346-365. http://hrmars.com/index.php/pages/detail/IJARBSS
Paais, M., & Pattiruhu, J. R. (2020). Effect of motivation, leadership, and organizational culture on satisfaction and employee performance. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics, and Business, 7(8), 577-588. https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2020.vol7.no8.577
Perry, J.L. (2000). Bringing society in: Toward a theory of public service motivation. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 10, 2, 471–88. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.jpart.a024277
Rast, S., & Tourani, A. (2012). Evaluation of employees' job satisfaction and role of gender difference: An empirical study at airline industry in Iran. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 3(7).
Robbins, S.P. & Judge, T.A. (2013). Organizational behavior. New Jersey: Pearson Education.
Shim, D. C., & Faerman, S. (2015). Government employees’ organizational citizenship behavior: The impacts of public service motivation, organizational identification, and subjective OCB norms. International Public Management Journal, 20(4), 531–559. doi: 10.1080/10967494.2015.1037943
Taylor, J. (2014). Public service motivation, relational job design, and job satisfaction in local government. Public Administration, 92(4), 902-918. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9299.2012.02108.x
Tharikh, S. M., Ying
Andersen, L. B., & Kjeldsen, A. M. (2013). Public service motivation, user orientation, and job satisfaction: A question of employment sector. International Public Management Journal, 16(2), 252–274. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10967494.2013.817253
Andersen, L. B., Jensen, U. T., & Kjeldsen, A. M. (2020). Public service motivation and its implications for public service. Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030 29980-4_81
Bota, O. A. (2013). Job satisfaction of teachers. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 83, 634-638.
doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.06.120
Buil, I., Martínez, E., & Matute, J. (2019). Transformational leadership and employee performance: The role of identification, engagement and proactive personality. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 77, 64-75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2018.06.014
Chen, G., Ai, J., & You, Y. (2014). Managerial coaching behaviours and their relations to job satisfaction, life satisfaction and orientations to happiness. Journal of Human Resource and Sustainability Studies, 02(03), 147–156.
doi:10.4236/jhrss.2014.23014
Chin, T. (2015). Harmony and organizational citizenship behavior in Chinese organizations. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 26(8), 1110-1129. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2014.934882
Christensen, R. K., Paarlberg, L., & Perry, J. L. (2017). Public service motivation research: Lessons for practice. Public Administration Review, 77(4), 529–542. https://doi.org/10.1111/puar.12796
Cun, X. (2012). Public service motivation and job satisfaction, organizational citizenship behavior: An empirical study based on the sample of employees in Guangzhou public sectors. Chinese Management Studies, 6(2), 330-340. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/17506141211236758
Dappa, K., Bhatti, F., & Aljarah, A. (2019). A study on the effect of transformational leadership on job satisfaction: The role of gender, perceived organizational politics and perceived organizational commitment. Management Science Letters, 9 (2019), 823–834. http://dx.doi.org/10.5267/j.msl.2019.3.006
De Geus, C. J., Ingrams, A., Tummers, L., & Pandey, S. K. (2020). Organizational citizenship behavior in the public sector: A systematic literature review and future research agenda. Public Administration Review, 80(2), 259-270. https://doi.org/10.1111/puar.13141
Direktorat Jenderal Perbendaharaan. (2018). Laporan kinerja Direktorat Jenderal Perbendaharaan tahun 2017.
Direktorat Jenderal Perbendaharaan. (2019). Laporan kinerja Direktorat Jenderal Perbendaharaan tahun 2018.
Direktorat Jenderal Perbendaharaan. (2020). Laporan kinerja Direktorat Jenderal Perbendaharaan tahun 2019.
Direktorat Jenderal Perbendaharaan. (2021). Laporan kinerja Direktorat Jenderal Perbendaharaan tahun 2020.
Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error: Algebra and statistics. Journal of Marketing Research, 18, 382–388.
Hair, J. F., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2011). PLS-SEM: Indeed a silver bullet. Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 19(2), 139-152. http://dx.doi.org/10.2753/MTP1069-6679190202
Harper, E., Castrucci, B. C., Bharthapudi, K., & Sellers, K. (2015). Job satisfaction: a critical, understudied facet of workforce development in public health. Journal of Public Health Management and Practice, 21(Suppl 6), S46. doi:10.1097/phh.0000000000000296
Houston, D. J. (2011). Implications of occupational locus and focus for public service motivation: Attitudes toward work motives across nations. Public Administration Review, 71(5), 761-771. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6210.2011.02415.x
Humphrey, A. (2012). Transformational leadership and organizational citizenship behaviors: The role of organizational identification. The Psychologist-Manager Journal, 15(4), 247–268. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10887156.2012.731831
Indarti, S., Solimun, Fernandes, A. A. R., & Hakim, W. (2017). The effect of OCB in relationship between personality, organizational commitment and job satisfaction on performance. Journal of Management Development, 36(10), 1283–1293. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMD-11-2016-0250
Ingrams, A. (2018). Organizational citizenship behavior in the public and private sectors: A multilevel test of public service motivation and traditional antecedents. Review of Public Personnel Administration, 40(2), 222-244. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734371X18800372
Jaya, P. J. C., & Guntoro, M. (2020). Transformasi kepemimpinan adaptif di tengah pandemi Covid-19. Cendekia Jaya, 2(2), 1-7.
Jiang, W., Zhao, X., & Ni, J. (2017). The impact of transformational leadership on employee sustainable performance: The mediating role of organizational citizenship behavior. Sustainability, 9(9), 1567. https://doi.org/10.3390/su9091567
Khalili, A. (2017). Transformational leadership and organizational citizenship behavior. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 38(7), 1004–1015. https://doi.org/10.1108/LODJ-11-2016-0269
Kim, S., Vandenabeele, W., Wright, B. E., Andersen, L. B., Cerase, F. P., Christensen, R. K., Desmarais, C., Koumenta, M., Leisink, P., Liu, B., Palidauskaite, J., Pedersen, L.H., Perry, J.L., Ritz, A., Taylor, J., & De Vivo, P. (2013). Investigating the structure and meaning of public service motivation across populations: Developing an international instrument and addressing issues of measurement invariance. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 23(1), 79-102. doi:10.1093/jopart/mus027
Kreitner, R. & Kinicki, A. (2014). Organizational behavioral. Boston: McGraw-Hill.
Lee, U. H., Kim, H. K., & Kim, Y. H. (2013). Determinants of organizational citizenship behavior and its outcomes. Global Business & Management Research, 5(1).
Lian, L. K., & Tui, L. G. (2012). Leadership styles and organizational citizenship behavior: The mediating effect of subordinates’ competence and downward influence tactics. Journal of Applied Business and Economics, 13(2), 59-96.
López-Domínguez, M., Enache, M., Sallan, J.M., & Simo, P. (2013). Transformational leadership as an antecedent of change-oriented organizational citizenship behavior. Journal of Business Research, 66(10), 2147–2152. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2013.02.041
Mohammad, J., Quoquab, F., & Alias, M.A. (2011). Job satisfaction and organisational citizenship behaviour: An empirical study at higher learning institutions. Asian Academy of Management Journal, 16 (2).
Nasra, M.A., & Heilbrunn, S. (2015). Transformational leadership and organizational citizenship behavior in the Arab educational system in Israel: The impact of trust and job satisfaction. Educational Management Administration & Leadership, 44(3), 380–396. doi: 10.1177/1741143214549975
Nohe, C., & Hertel, G. (2017). Transformational leadership and organizational citizenship behavior: A meta-analytic test of underlying mechanisms. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 1364.
doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01364
Omar, W. A., & Hussin, F. (2013). Transformational leadership style and job satisfaction relationship: A study of structural equation modeling (SEM). International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences (IJARBSS), 3(2), 346-365. http://hrmars.com/index.php/pages/detail/IJARBSS
Paais, M., & Pattiruhu, J. R. (2020). Effect of motivation, leadership, and organizational culture on satisfaction and employee performance. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics, and Business, 7(8), 577-588. https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2020.vol7.no8.577
Perry, J.L. (2000). Bringing society in: Toward a theory of public service motivation. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 10, 2, 471–88. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.jpart.a024277
Rast, S., & Tourani, A. (2012). Evaluation of employees' job satisfaction and role of gender difference: An empirical study at airline industry in Iran. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 3(7).
Robbins, S.P. & Judge, T.A. (2013). Organizational behavior. New Jersey: Pearson Education.
Shim, D. C., & Faerman, S. (2015). Government employees’ organizational citizenship behavior: The impacts of public service motivation, organizational identification, and subjective OCB norms. International Public Management Journal, 20(4), 531–559. doi: 10.1080/10967494.2015.1037943
Taylor, J. (2014). Public service motivation, relational job design, and job satisfaction in local government. Public Administration, 92(4), 902-918. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9299.2012.02108.x
Tharikh, S. M., Ying