Kompetisi dan Efisiensi pada Pengadaan Pemerintah: Bukti Empiris pada Kementerian/ Lembaga di Indonesia

Abstract

This study investigates the effect of the number of bidders at the final evaluation stage before determining the winner on the ratio of the winner's bid price and the estimate price (HPS) on the tender and selection packages to ministries/institutions in Indonesia. This study uses 82,560 data cross-section on tender and selection packages obtained using techniques website scraping on 49 LPSE websites of Ministries/Institutions in Indonesia from 2008 to March 2020. To determine this effect, this study uses OLS and IV-2SLS methods to reduce the potential for bias due to endogeneity. This study found that there was an effect of the number of bidders in the final evaluation stage on the ratio of the winner's bid price and HPS, which would reduce the ratio by 0.0335 units or save procurement spending by tender or selection by 3.35% on the value of HPS. In addition, we also found that there was an indirect effect on the value of the procurement package, the prequalification method and the evaluation pattern on the number of bidders in the final evaluation stage before determining the winner.